Browsing by Author "Stephen Asatsa, Ph.D"
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Item Correlates of End of Life Planning Across Life Span in Nairobi County, Kenya(ResearchGate, 2021-02-26) Stephen Asatsa, Ph.DEnd of life planning is an important process towards quality of dying for all, yet it remains skewed towards the terminally ill. Prior planning and preparation for one’s own death has been shown to improve psychological well-being towards end of life. The continued conceptualization of end of life planning in terms of palliative care leaves out a large percentage of the general population which compromises the quality of dying. This study examined demographic factors and death attitudes as correlates of end of life planning in the general population in Nairobi, Kenya. The study adopted the correlational research design and targeted young adults, middle-aged adults, and seniors with a sample of 310 participants selected using multistage and stratified sampling techniques. Data was collected using the Death Attitude Profile-Revised and End of Life Pertinent Issues Questionnaire and analyzed using univariate analysis and Pearson correlation. The study found significant demographic differences in end of life planning in terms of age, religion, income levels and marital status. The findings further indicated significant correlation among various death attitudes and end of life planning domains. The results of this study imply that mental health practitioners need to address negative death attitudes in order to enhance end of life planning in the general population.Item Mandatory Personal Therapy and its Outcomes among Postgraduate Counseling Students in Selected Universities in Nairobi County, Kenya(African Journal of Clinical Psychology, 2021-12) Joyzy Pius Egunjobi, Ph.D., Dr.AD.; Stephen Asatsa, Ph.D; Jacinta Adhiambo, Ph.DPersonal therapy is experienced as a mandatory requirement in many counselling and psychotherapy trainings worldwide with the view that it yields positive outcomes in terms of personal and professional developments. However, some counseling students think this is not beneficial in their training. This study therefore assessed mandatory personal therapy and its outcomes among postgraduate counseling students in selected universities in Nairobi, Kenya. The target population was all the 635 postgraduate counseling students at the Nairobi University, Catholic University of Eastern Africa, Daystar University, and Tangaza University College. These universities were selected from the universities training clinical and counseling psychologists using stratified random sampling techniques. There were 245 counseling students who participated in survey, while ten counseling students, five professional counselors, and five counselor educators participated in the interview. The findings showed that 91.7% of the counseling students have positive perception of personal therapy as a mandatory requirement in their training; that personal therapy as a mandatory requirement contributed to their personal development in terms of self-awareness (94%) and general wellbeing (94%); it also contributed to their professional development where they witness theories in practice (85%), learned counseling skills (93%) and techniques (85%), used personal therapy for self-care (93%). However, there were inconsistencies in the students’ knowledge of the required sessions which they considered too much. It was recommended that there should be uniformity in the number of hours of personal therapy required across the universities involved in counselors’ and psychologists’ training.Item Tea Drinking Attitude and Tea Addiction Symptoms among Kenyans(ResearchGate, 2022-05) Joyzy Pius Egunjobi, Ph.D., Dr.AD,; Stephen Asatsa, Ph.DKenyans are known to consume lots of tea. This study investigated Kenyans’ tea drinking attitude and the possible traces of tea addiction. A correlation design was employed by using an online questionnaire to obtain information from 335 respondents who participated through voluntary sampling. The data were analyzed using descriptive inferential statistics. It was found that majority of Kenyans (95.3%) are tea drinkers with about 76.4% moderately consuming 1 to 3 cups of tea daily in the morning hours. There was no gender disparity in tea consumption. Addiction symptoms were experienced by 41% of Kenyan tea drinkers who experienced withdrawal symptoms such headache, tiredness, and disorientation, 49.1% craving for tea, 16.5% unable to stop drinking tea, and 36.9% feel stimulated by drinking tea. There was a significant positive correlation between the number of teacups consumed per day and addiction symptoms at Pearson correlation coefficient r (335) = .355, p < .001. It is recommended that while tea drinking is legal, those who experience loss of control over tea drinking and withdrawal symptoms should seek professional help.Item Tea Drinking Attitude and Tea Addiction Symptoms among Kenyans(International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), 2022-05) Joyzy Pius Egunjobi, Ph.D., Dr.AD; Stephen Asatsa, Ph.DKenyans are known to consume lots of tea. This study investigated Kenyans’ tea drinking attitude and the possible traces of tea addiction. A correlation design was employed by using an online questionnaire to obtain information from 335 respondents who participated through voluntary sampling. The data were analyzed using descriptive inferential statistics. It was found that majority of Kenyans (95.3%) are tea drinkers with about 76.4% moderately consuming 1 to 3 cups of tea daily in the morning hours. There was no gender disparity in tea consumption. Addiction symptoms were experienced by 41% of Kenyan tea drinkers who experienced withdrawal symptoms such headache, tiredness, and disorientation, 49.1% craving for tea, 16.5% unable to stop drinking tea, and 36.9% feel stimulated by drinking tea. There was a significant positive correlation between the number of teacups consumed per day and addiction symptoms at Pearson correlation coefficient r (335) = .355, p < .001. It is recommended that while tea drinking is legal, those who experience loss of control over tea drinking and withdrawal symptoms should seek professional help.Item The Attitudes of Postgraduate Counseling Students to Mandatory Personal Therapy in Selected Universities in Nairobi County, Kenya(ResearchGate, 2021-10) Joyzy Pius Egunjobi, Ph.D; Dr.AD; Stephen Asatsa, Ph.D; Jacinta M. Adhiambo, Ph.DPersonal Therapy is an important aspect of most counselors’ training worldwide. Being made mandatory can generate negative attitudes among postgraduate counseling students. This study thus investigated the attitudes of postgraduate counseling students to mandatory personal therapy in selected universities in Nairobi County, Kenya. A mixed methods concurrent design was adopted in the collection of both quantitative and qualitative data using online questionnaire and interview guides respectively. The target population was all 635 postgraduate (Masters and Doctorate) clinical psychology and counseling psychology students from four universities and university constituent colleges in Nairobi County, Kenya. The sample size was 255 consisting of 245 postgraduate students of clinical and counseling psychology, 5 counselor educators, and 5 professional counselors. Quantitative data was analyzed descriptively using frequencies and percentages while qualitative data was analyzed using content and thematic analysis. Findings of the study showed that majority (90%) of postgraduate counseling students had a positive attitude towards mandatory personal therapy; there was initial negative attitude of reluctance and resistance by 52% of the postgraduate counseling students; the postgraduate counseling students owe their change of negative attitudes to psychoeducation from their lecturers and therapists as well as therapeutic alliance formed with their therapists. It is, however, worrisome to find some postgraduate counseling students engage in unethical practice of disingenuousness such as obtaining a fake letter of personal therapy. It is more worrisome to find some professional therapists cooperating in such unethical practice. This needs to be critically and ethically addressed by the counseling training universities.Item Traumatic Stress in Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer amongst Women in Nairobi County, Kenya(African Journal of Clinical Psychology, 2022-09) Margaret W. Njoroge, Ph.D; Stephen Asatsa, Ph.D; Mary M. Njoroge, Ph.DBreast cancer has been on the increase lately and it is the leading cause of cancer-related death among females worldwide. Specifically, the study was guided by the following objective that assessed traumatic stress associated with diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer among female survivors in Nairobi County, Kenya. The study adopted a mixed method embedded research design combining ex post facto and survey designs from the quantitative paradigm and phenomenology from the qualitative paradigm. Participants in this study were 60 females who had undergone diagnosis of breast cancer and received treatment including, mastectomy, chemotherapy and radiotherapy within the last three years. Participants were sampled using Purposive sampling for quantitative data and extreme case sampling for qualitative data. Quantitative data was collected using an Impact of Event Scale – Revised (IES-R) tool, while interviews were used for qualitative data. Ethical considerations of informed consent, confidentiality, anonymity and debriefing were applied. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics for the quantitative data and thematic analysis for qualitative data. The findings of the study indicated that a vast majority of the participants (90.00%) reported severe PTSD with only 6.70% and 3.30% of participants reporting moderate and sub clinical PTSD respectively. Precipitators of traumatic stress during the diagnosis, and treatment phases were reported to be how diagnosis results were communicated and treatment related side effects including mastectomy, hair loss, weight loss/gain and body image related changes. These findings may be relevant in designing future interventions that combine physical and mental health of breast cancer survivors, in order to alleviate the traumatic stress associated with diagnosis and treatment.